Manual urine sedimentation test

The article was consulted professionally by Master, Dr Pham Thi Thuy Nhung – Dean and Master, Dr Do Thi Hoang Ha – Laboratory Department – Share99 Hai Phong International Health Hub.

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Manual urine sedimentation testing is an important subclinical technique, which is carried out for the purpose of detecting and diagnosing to treat a number of diseases affecting human health, thereby considering changes to the best therapeutic effect.

1. Urine sediment

Urine is one of the types of secreties that are very important for human body biology because it contains most of the scum in the body called urine sediments, which are related to most of the chemical components of the body. Therefore, when there are any metabolism changes, which can be diseases or metabolism disorders, it also affects the results of urine sediment examination tests.

2. Manual urine residue testing

Urine sediment examination is a subclinical test that serves a lot in detecting, diagnosing as well as treating and monitoring the treatment of diseases, thereby preventing unwanted complications from occurring.

Manual urine sedimentation test with the aim of finding tangible factors in the urine such as red blood cells, white blood cells, a macrophage cells, crystals, cylindricals …, thereby assessing the patient's condition. Fresh screening is a manual urine residue test, performed by microscopic urine deposition with a 10X lens object.

3. Urine sedimentation process

In order to conduct fresh examination of urine sediment, it is necessary to prepare some of the following:

  • Implementer: Staff in the department of biomedological/ hematological testing
  • Pipetteman, blue glass, optical microscope.
  • Explain to the patient about the preparation test, guide the patient to get urine properly, properly, preferly take a urine sample in the early morning when he wakes up.
  • Specify patient information such as name, age, gender, department, room … on the test paper and pay attention to specify the test in place.

Perform fresh urine deposition by following these steps:

  • After having the patient take urine in the middle of the line in the morning or at any time of the day into the test tube, let the residue settle after about 1 hour, not centrifugal.
  • Pour away the urine at the top, shake the rest of the residue in the test tube gently, taking about 1 drop of the remaining urine residue on clean glass.
  • Freshly freshened the standard just prepared under 10X glass.
  • Distinguish those components in the urine such as cells, cylinders and crystals.
  • Determine the extent to which pathology cells are in the specimen.
  • Record information about important pathology cells on the test ballot and store it in the medical facility's data management software.

Some of the results that can be determined after performing a urine residue test using fresh screening method are:

Normal: In the urine there are few or no white blood cells, red blood cells, namely 0-3 leukocytes/micro-field and 0-2 red blood cells/micro-field. There are images of flattened cells because ureteral mucosal cells degenerate and a small number of sperm can be seen for urine testing in men.

Manual urine residue testing

Photos of cells in the urine

Hemating red blood cells:

  • Images of red blood cells in urine sediments, the naked eye will see urine with red residue, disc-shaped red blood cells in, small, blue. The red blood cells can be 8μ if normal and 5-6μ if atrophied, 9-10μ when the ryees are enlarged. The number of red blood cells can be between 3-20 red blood cells/micro-field or >20 esthal esthal/micro-field.
  • Some cases are believed to be mass hematoma when we see high hematoma, fresh urine is seen to be pink like meat rinse or red, so that for a while red blood cells will settle below. On the microscopic scan, urine residues are microscopic dense red blood cells.
  • Urine sedimentation will not see the image of red blood cells in case the red blood cells are lysed.
  • Fresh signs of screening show that in the urine there are red blood cells or are often a suspected sign of diseases such as leteritis, renal tuberculosis, urolithiasis, cystitis, bladder cancer, hematoma, blood clot disorders … There are also cases where no cause of hematoma is found.

Leukocycye mellitus:

  • Freshly looked at images of urine leukocytes or urine leukocytes, disc-shaped, bright cells, with particles inside the cell, intact or atrophied or concentrated as pustules. Usually white blood cells are 1.5-2 times larger than red blood cells.
  • Leukocycycycysts can be between 3-20 or >20 leukocycysts/micro-fields. If the number of leukocy >10-20 leukocytic/micro-> or 20 leukocytic/micro-field, it is usually a pathology of urinary tract infections. In special cases, > 30 leukocyte / micro-field, the leukocyte image will be dense microendental, there are many degenerative leukocyte called purulent discharge common in acute and chronic renal tank inflammation.

Cylindrical pissing:

  • Fresh examination sees images of cells with a cylindrical structure in the urine, in essence mucoprotein is a sign of a damaged renal tubular, a kidney bridge.

Images of non-celled cylinders can be seen such as:

  • Clear pillars (long figure, round head, ring, transparent) with fever, heavy labor, kidney inflammation …
  • Wax pillars (short, larger than the insed, iridescent, gray, with cracks).
  • Fat pillars (photoelect extraction, yellow, clear shore, grooved, rounded head) are encountered in damaged kidney syndrome.
  • Or cylindrical images with cells such as:
  • Seed pillars (with large particles, sweet yellow, rounded head) with acute and chronic aphnesitis, acute renal failure.
  • Rye pillars (condensed esth esth rye, unevenly jagged shores) are encountered in ledenitis.
  • Leukocytitis (leukocytitis forms, breaks into short segments) encountered in acute, chronic renal tank-renal inflammation.
  • The carel pillar (contains carthm cells, bright yellow).
  • Bacterial pillars
  • If fresh examination of urine sediments sees protein and also cylinders, the kidneys may have been badly damaged, or vice versa the pre-ediment may be better than before.

Some signs to note to diagnose the disease when taking a urine residue test are as follows:

  • Images of proteinuria + ureter + white blood cells + urethral pillars + grain pillars + fat pillars think of acute gloxulitis.
  • Images of urethral urethral + urethral pillars + transparent fibrosis think of bleeding inside the kidneys.
  • Images of leukocytosis + degenerative leukocytosis can be diagnosed with purulent bacterial infections, renal tank inflammation.

In addition, other components that are encountered when testing urine residues using this manual method are crystal deposits:

  • Oxalate Calci envelope shaped letter, peanut bulb, blue, with photoelect
  • Uric acid is square, rhombic, cubic,… yellow, reddish brown.
  • Rectangular phosphate, fern leaves, eclectic, colorless…
  • Urat stydral spikes, yellow, eclectic …

Manual urine residue testing

Manual urine residue testing is an important sub-clinical technique

A small number of non-common crystals are encountered when testing urine using fresh screening methods such as star-shaped, glass-shaped and colorless Phosphate Dicalcium, syscal and colorless Carbonate Calci, small particles, paired, long needle-shaped Calcium Sulphate, prism, flat, colorless slabs. Or aplasmed insicular urine deposits that are not a sign of pathology such as small particle aplasmosis Phosphate, which has no specific shape, disperses and is capable of dissolving in acids, aplasplasm. Some inicicive urine deposits present with pathology such as scythoros leucin, with concular, center-centered lines, such as urine leukocytes and long needle-shaped Tyrosins, bundled in formations, without color or yellow met in severe liver diseases …

Some medium and large sized cells can be seen in fresh, valuable screenings in the diagnosis of the disease if observed in large quantities, often as signs of genital diseases such as vahritis, urethritis, cystitis or urinary tract pathology, kidney syndrome comprise:

  • Urethral himelitis cells are polygonal and contain spores.
  • Large urethral, polygonal, oval, eduthral
  • Bladder cell enlarged, rhombic, edothor
  • Some other cells such as renal tank cells, kidney cells, cancer cells in the pathology of kidney and urinary cancer.

Manual urine residue testing is a urine testing technique that requires high accuracy, so it should be done by highly specialized and experienced testing technicians. The results of urine sediment testing are very valuable in the diagnosis of urinary tract diseases but also those of the whole body, pathology in other organs.

To register for examination and treatment at Share99 International Health Hub, you can contact Share99 Health System nationwide, or register for an online examination HERE.

SEE MORE:

  • SG index meaning in urine testing
  • When to do a urine test during pregnancy
  • Meaning of KET index (Ketone) in urine

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SEE MORE:

  • What is a urine sediment test for?
  • Indicators in urine total analysis tests
  • What can the results of urine tests during pregnancy predict?

About: John Smith

b1ffdb54307529964874ff53a5c5de33?s=90&r=gI am the author of Share99.net. I had been working in Vinmec International General Hospital for over 10 years. I dedicate my passion on every post in this site.

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