Newborn purulent meningitis: Is the disease dangerous

The article is consulted professionally by Master, Resident Doctor Dang Thi Doc – PediatricIan – Newborn – Pediatrics – Newborn – Share99 Ha Long International Health Hub.

Purulent meningitis is a dangerous disease, which has a high mortality and migrating rate, especially newborn purulent meningitis. Therefore, it is necessary to have regular examinations to detect neurological relics and have a timely direction of treatment.

1. What is purulent meningitis?

Purulent meningitis is a meningitis infection caused by pathogens capable of protrusive, mainly some types of bacteria that enter the meninges. It is a common disease in children, especially children under 5 years of age, with a high mortality and migrating rate.

The 3 most common types of purulent meningitis bacteria are: Streptococcus pneumonia; H. influenza (Haemophilus influenza) and meningococcal (Neisseria meningitidis). Particularly in newborns, common purulent meningitis-causing bacteria are B.streptococcus, Escherichia coli, Listeria monocytogenes. In addition, some other types of bacteria and fungi can also be the cause of purulent meningitis but are less common and often occur in patients with immuno-deterioration, sepsis,…

2. Symptoms of purulent meningitis in newborns

Clinical manifestations of pediatric patients with purulent meningitis often coordinate symptoms of fever, irritation or separation. Common diseases in premature babies ,amniotic infections, post-calving asphyxiation. Specific symptoms include:

  • Bacterial infection syndrome is usually not pronounced, may not have fever, even hypothermia, the child cries or lice, fatigue, poor feeding, pale skin;
  • Incomplete meningitis syndrome or discreet manifestations. Babies often skip breastfeeding, vomiting, moaning, breathing abnormally or with breathing apnea, mild swelling or tension, abdominal distension, diarrhea, decreased muscle muscle pressure, loss of infant's physical reflexes, and possible convulsions.

Purulent meningitis has many manifestations

Clinical manifestations of purulent meningitis in pediatrics are cystic fever

3. Diagnostic tests for purulent meningitis in newborns

  • Encephainal fluidtest : Is the most important test, which is decisive for a definitive diagnosis. Pediatric patients should be given early lumbar puncture as soon as a clinical examination of suspected purulent meningitis. Pediatric encephaes such as young coconut water, rice water or pus. When screening or transplanting encephainal fluid, pathogenic bacteria will be identified. Cssplastic testing can detect high protein concentrations (usually above 1g/l), glucose decreases below 2.2mmol/l, cells rise (from a few hundred to thousands of/mm3), in which neutroecondoid leukocytes prevail;
  • Blood count: High leukocysis is often seen, the ratio of neuty polycythemia preses, reducing hemolysis (anemia);
  • Blood cultures and transplantation of diphtheria, suction at necrotic hemorrhages,… help identify pathogenic bacteria;
  • Computer scans of the brain, ultrasound through the brain,… to identify possible complications;
  • Csysbrospinal fluid tests help to differentiate cases of atypical purulent meningitis such as PCR, specific ELISA,…;
  • Electrolyced, blood gas tests,… to support comprehensive treatment.

4. Complications and symptoms of purulent meningitis

4.1 Complications

  • Cranial nerve damage: Wires II, III, IV, VI, VII, VIII,…;
  • Brain anemic,stenosis, purulent abdominal cavity along the blood vessels, inflammation of the veins, inflammation around the cerebral blood vessels,…;
  • Blockage of cerebral palsy and thickening of the meninges, obstructing the circulation of cerebral palsy, water brain syndrome;
  • Complications outside the nervous system depending on the bacterial encephaity such as: Toxins shock, organ-coated hemorrhage (seen in sepsis, meningococcal meningitis), arthritis, keratitis, endocarditis, pericarditis, pneumonia,…

4.2 Legacy

After purulent meningitis, cases of late diagnosis and treatment may experience the following symptoms:

  • Mute, dumb, deaf, blind, watery brain syndrome,…;
  • Damage to the area of the neurons causing paralysis: Paralysis of 1 genus, paralysis of the half of the person, paralysis of the lower 2 30s, damage to the cranial nerve,…;
  • Memory loss, dementia, mental disorders,…;
  • epilepsy.

4.3 Mortality

The average mortality rate in patients with purulent meningitis is 7–10% (meningococcal), 30% (pneumococcal) and 10–14% (due to H. Influenzae). Early deaths from respiratory failure, severe cerebral edema, iservical shock,… Late death due to severe complications of infection in the brain and out of the brain including brain anesthrosis, kidney inflammation, pneumonia, extensive ulcers and depletion, prolonged brain loss leading to brain failure,…

Purulent meningitis has many serious consequences

Purulent meningitis causes many serious symptoms

5. Treatment of newborn purulent meningitis

5.1 Antibiotics

  • When the cause is unknown, the treatment combines 2 antibiotics: Ampicillin dose 100mg/kg/24 hours and Gentamicin dose 5mg/kg/24 hours;
  • 48 hours after the 2nd lumbar puncture, if the cerebral fluid is better, better clinical, continue to use antibiotics used. If the encephateral fluid progresses badly, the clinical symptoms do not improve, then antibiotic changes: Rocephin dose 80mg/kg/24 hours with amikacin dose 15mg/kg/24 hours or acepim dose 80mg/kg/hour with amikacin dose 15mg/kg/24 hours;
  • When antibiotic results are available: Antibiotic therapy, 21 days of antibiotic treatment, the number of pre-cerebral tests should be limited to the lowest level.

5.2 Supportive treatment

  • Respiratory and resory support;
  • Full nurture;
  • Anti-convulsions;
  • Anti-cerebral edema by lying on the head 30o high, limiting water, the amount of water introduced into the body is equal to 1⁄2 – 2/3 of the need;
  • Adjust the balance of electrolysic acid.

5.3 Follow-up and re-examination

  • Daily monitoring of pediatric head and chest rings;
  • Re-examine every 3 months for neurological relics.

Newborn purulent meningitis can cause many dangerous neurological conditions. Therefore, after treatment, parents need to take the child to a regular examination as prescribed by a doctor to detect and have a timely treatment plan if unfortunately encountering neurological relics.

The Pediatrics Department at Share99 International Health Hub has been treating respiratory and tropical pediatric infections, with the following advantages:

  • Modern and advanced facilities system
  • A team of dedicated doctors with extensive experience from the leading hospitals in The Pediatrics of Vietnam
  • The treatment in a quiet, ile environment minimizes external effects to help children recover quickly and reduce their hospital stay.

Customers can go directly to Share99 Health System nationwide to be examined, examined, diagnosed with purulent meningitis or make an appointment online HERE.

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  • Purulent meningitis in children: Causes, symptoms, complications
  • Purulent meningitis
  • Meningitis in adults: Causes, symptoms and treatment
SEE MORE:

  • Prevention of purulent meningitis in children
  • Dangerous complications of hydrocephalus
  • Common complications of meningitis in children

About: John Smith

b1ffdb54307529964874ff53a5c5de33?s=90&r=gI am the author of Share99.net. I had been working in Vinmec International General Hospital for over 10 years. I dedicate my passion on every post in this site.

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