FAQs about pulmonary tuberculosis

When it comes to pulmonary tuberculosis, many people feel scared. The reason is that they do not know the disease well, so there is an incorrect view. The article below is a summary of questions about common pulmonary tuberculosis that you should know to properly understand the disease. Is this really a frightening disease?

1. What is pulmonary tuberculosis?

Tuberculosis is an infectious disease caused by tuberculosis bacterium (Mycobacterium tuberculosis). The disease can be seen in all parts of the body such as pleural tuberculosis, lymph node tuberculosis, meningeal tuberculosis, osteoarthritis, pericardous tuberculosis, urinary and urinary tuberculosis, intestinal tuberculosis, of which pulmonary tuberculosis is most common (accounting for 80-85%) and is the main source of transmission to the people around him.

Pulmonary tuberculosis is a disease that mainly causes tuberculosis pneumonia. People with severe tuberculosis will spread tuberculosis bacterium when coughing, etc., people around them are infected by direct inhalation of tuberculosis. Although infected, it does not mean that you will definitely get sick, usually the immune system will prevent the proliferation of tuberculosis bacterium. If your immune system is weakened, TB bacteria will develop, the risk of tuberculosis will be higher.

2. How is pulmonary tuberculosis contagious?

Pulmonary tuberculosis is a respiratoryly transmitted disease. Healthy people can be infected by direct contact with people with pulmonary tuberculosis or with waste containing TB bacteria such as sputum, stretching, saliva splashed by the person coughing, sneezing … or share items (towels, chopsticks, pots,…) with tuberculosis patients.

In addition, polluted, humid habitats, inetermitation of food contaminated with TB bacteria, contact with TB-infected pets is also a good condition for TB bacteria to develop and cause disease. One in 1 person with pulmonary TUBERCULOSIS coughs out bacteria that can infect another 10-15 people before the patient is treated. However, once treated with anti-tuberculosis drugs, the likelihood of infection is very low.

Tuberculosis bacterium

Tuberculosis bacterium is the main cause of pulmonary tuberculosis.

3. Sources of contagion

  • There are no pathogen reservoirs in nature or media between transmits diseases;
  • The source of the disease is patients with pulmonary, bronchial, orage tuberculosis who cough up TB bacteria;
  • When bacteria rush into the lungs, the body will respond to the antigen of TB bacteria, TB bacteria can survive in a person's body for life without causing disease. But it is also possible that after exposure to a large number of TB bacteria for a long time for several days to several weeks, the contact may develop the disease;
  • The strongest period of transmission is the total stage of pulmonary tuberculosis (afternoon fever, coughing, sputum). This period of transmission lasts until the person is treated with the drug for 2 weeks to 1 month.

4. Does anyone infected with TB have pulmonary tuberculosis?

According to statistics, only about 10% of people infected with tuberculosis can get tuberculosis. Healthy people infected with TB bacteria with the body's resistance are impaired due to: hard labor, poor eating, uns modeisist living, uns sanitious habitat, HIV infection … will create conditions for tuberculosis germs to thrive in the body and cause disease.

5. Who is at risk for pulmonary tuberculosis?

  • Immuno-impaired people: cancer, HIV infection;
  • People who are in direct contact with the source of the infection, especially children;
  • People with chronic diseases: diabetes mellitus, peptic ulcer, chronic renal failure …;
  • Drug, alcohol and tobacco addicts;
  • Users of prolonged immunosuppressive drugs such as corticosteroids, cancer treatment chemicals …

6. How do I tell if you have been infected with pulmonary tuberculosis?

Common signs of pulmonary tuberculosis are:

  • Coughing, spitting out phlegm, sometimes with blood. Cough lasts for 2–3 weeks or more
  • Chest pain

Other common signs include pulmonary tuberculosis and tuberculosis of other agencies:

  • Eat out of appetite
  • Weight loss
  • Feeling weak and tired
  • Sometimes with fever
  • Night sweats
  • Swelling in the neck, armpits or groin

However, these signs can also be encountered in many other diseases. Therefore, to be sure that this is a symptom of tuberculosis, you need to be given differentive diagnostic tests. If one or more of the above new symptoms are detected, it is recommended to see a doctor.

Patients with tuberculosis usually do not have all these symptoms. Many people have only a few mild symptoms.

7. How to diagnose pulmonary tuberculosis?

To detect tuberculosis, you will be asked to perform some of the following tests:

  • Sputum test: when microscopic sputum screening will see TB bacteria, this is a simple and highly accurate test when diagnosing pulmonary tuberculosis.
  • Lung x-rays help detect lung damage caused by TB bacteria.
  • Tuberculin reaction (Mantoux reaction): A positive reaction suggests that the body is already immune to TB bacteria (which can be TB infection without tuberculosis). A negative result also did not rule out if there was tuberculosis. People who are malnourished, infected with HIV, may give a false negative reaction.

Pulmonary tuberculosis X-ray

Lung x-rays help detect lung damage caused by TB bacteria.

8. Can pulmonary tuberculosis be cured?

Pulmonary tuberculosis is treatable. However, the patient must be treated as soon as possible immediately after the detection of the disease.

Patients treating pulmonary tuberculosis should adhere to the following principles:

  • Take the right regimen;
  • Take the drug enough time;
  • Take the medicine regularly once a day at a certain time of the day, away from meals.

The patient needs to re-test sputum 3 times at times: after the 2nd month of the attack treatment period, after the 5th month and after the 8th month of the maintenance treatment phase.

9. How do pulmonary tuberculosis patients abandon treatment?

At the initial stage of treatment, the patient feels signs of remission so many people voluntarily stop treatment. This is very dangerous because if the patient stops taking the drug before the duration of treatment, the disease does not cure, quickly recurs and especially tb bacteria become resistant, which leads to more difficulties in later treatment.

10. How to prevent pulmonary tuberculosis?

For people who do not have the disease:

  • Tuberculosis vaccination: Tuberculosis vaccination (BCG) for babies in the first month after birth in the Expanded Immunization Program;
  • Use a mask when going out or in contact with someone who is sick;
  • Cover your mouth when sneezing and wash your hands with soap under running water, especially before eating and after going to the bathroom;
  • Do not share personal belongings with people with pulmonary tuberculosis;
  • Keep the accommodation clean;
  • Regular medical examinations.

For people with pulmonary tuberculosis:

  • Wearing a mask, coughing, sneezing must cover the mouth, sputum in the prescribed place, phlegm or infectious source containers must be handled correctly;
  • Adherence to treatment;
  • Re-examination is required once a month;
  • Take advantage of the sun for the accommodation and items of the sick because TB bacteria lose their ability to cause disease in the sun.

Pulmonary tuberculosis is a dangerous and contagious disease. To prevent the disease, you should fully vaccinate tuberculosis at an early age. International General Health Hub currently provides tuberculosis vaccination services.

Tuberculosis vaccination at Share99

Tuberculosis vaccination at Share99

The advantages of vaccination at Share99 include:

  • Children will be examined by pediatricians – vaccines, fully screened for physical and health problems, advice on vaccines – vaccines and vaccination regimens, how to monitor and care for children after vaccination before prescribing vaccinations according to the latest recommendations of the Ministry of Health / World Health Organization to ensure the best and safest effect for young.
  • A team of experienced, professional pediatric doctors and nurses, understand the child's psychology and apply effective pain relief to the child during vaccination.
  • 100% of vaccinated children are monitored 30 minutes after vaccination and re-evaluated before leaving.
  • Being monitored before, during and after vaccination at Share99 Health System and always have emergency ekip ready to coordinate with the vaccination department to handle cases of anaphylalactic shock, respiratory failure – stop cyclic, ensure timely treatment, the right regimen when incidents occur.
  • The vaccination room is airy, has a play area, helps children feel comfortable like walking around and have a good mentality before and after vaccination.
  • The vaccine is imported and stored in a modern cold storage system, with a Cold chain meeting GSP standards, keeping the vaccine in the best condition to ensure quality.
  • Parents will receive a reminder message before the date of vaccination and the child's vaccination information will be synchronized with the national immunization information system.

Share99 International Health Hub is offering a package vaccination program with a variety of vaccines for a variety of subjects, from infants, young children, adults, women before and during pregnancy.

To register your child's vaccination, please contact Share99 Health System nationwide directly or make an appointment HERE.

SEE MORE:

  • Bone tuberculosis: Causes, symptoms, diagnosis and treatment
  • Spinal tuberculosis: Causes, symptoms, diagnosis and treatment
  • What is meningeal tuberculosis? Signs and causes

About: John Smith

b1ffdb54307529964874ff53a5c5de33?s=90&r=gI am the author of Share99.net. I had been working in Vinmec International General Hospital for over 10 years. I dedicate my passion on every post in this site.

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