What is fetal malnutrition?

Up to 10-20% of children born with a weight of less than 2.5 kg suffer from fetal malnutrition. Children who are malnourished from within the womb to any extent are harmed by long-term development.

1. What is fetal malnutrition?

If you give birth for a full month and weigh less than 2.5 kilograms at birth, there is a high likelihood that the baby is malnourished in the womb. Professionals divide into 3 levels of malnutrition:

  • Light Type: The child has a normal length and a small weight loss compared to the child with the corresponding weight and gestational age.
  • Medium type: The child has a reduced length and weight, a normal first round.
  • Heavy type: Babies with a head ring, length and weight all lose.

Children with a normal head ring are the mildest type of malnutrition. When growing during the fetal period, the cell division is relatively complete, the cell mass is normal, therefore the problem of nourishment is not very difficult. If the child survives the newborn stage and nourishes properly, the child will develop relatively normal mentally and motorly later.

If the child has a small head ring at birth, then it is the manifestation of a marked decrease in the number of cells in the body, mainly brain cells right in the fetus. If on average, babies can live through the newborn stage, but at birth these babies often suffer from asphyxiation, pneumonia, bleeding, hypoth glucose loss. These children will not develop normally, sometimes with mental retretness, growth delays, and even neurological symptoms. If severe, the child may die in the early stages from asphyxiation, pneumonia, inhalation of amniotic fluid and severe infection.

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Malnutrition in the womb

2. How to detect fetal malnutrition?

Pregnant women can detect prematurely the malnourished fetus through visits.

Based on parameters such as the height of the uterus, the abdominal ring, doctors can diagnose whether the size of the abdominal ring is commensurate with the fetal age.

Besides, the level of weight gain of the mother during pregnancy can also help to identify if the fetus is malnourished or not. In cases where the fetus is well developed, the pregnant woman usually increases from 10-12kg.

3. Causes of fetal malnutrition

There are many causes of premature birth as well as delayed pregnancy in the uterus. These factors can all lead to a delay in pregnancy, which is caused by placenta nutritional disorders, in addition to the damage and hemolysis in each other's cakes that will interfere with the transportation of nutrients that feed the pregnancy, making it impossible for the child to grow up.

Here are some possible causes that can affect the development of pregnancy:

  • Causes from the mother:

The mother suffers from chronic diseases such as heart, kidney, anemia,… older cases of childbirth compared to, or over-giving birth… can be the cause of fetal malnutrition.

Infection in the mother: If the mother has infections, especially the virus in the first 3 months of pregnancy, the pregnancy is prone to developmental delays. Malnutrition of pregnancy can occur from the 20th week. At this time, the virus in the mother's body easily enters the placenta and directly affects the pregnancy, stopping the growth of cells. These cases also easily lead to the possibility of causing malformation. Therefore, this is a risk of intra-uterus malnutrition that should be taken very seriously.

In addition, it is found that mothers weighing less than 40kg and a height of less than 1.4m can give birth to a full month, but the weight is usually less than 2,500 kg.

  • Diseases from the placenta:

Mostly cake damage, causing hemolysis and leading to placenta instasis. The sick placenta is showed in many forms such as: there are many small embolisms, thorns without blood vessels, or embolisms, cakes that are calcified in each area or fibrosis in endo noisy diseases, prolonged gestational intoxication. If each other fibrosis, the spines will degenerate, making the exchange of antibiotics between mother and child impaired leading to ind development of the pregnancy. In case of chronic failure, the pregnancy may die in the womb, or die near the date of birth. In addition, cases of cake deformities also cause the mother-child's 30th 30th arthritis to be hindered.

  • Mother's nutrition

The poor diet of the mother will likely give birth to babies with low weight. The nutritional disorders of the mother, especially the lack of protein will cause the pregnancy to be slow to develop. The slow weight gain of the mother in the last 3 months of pregnancy, or slow weight gain from the 20th week is the cause of underweight.

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The mother's diet affects the development of the fetus

All nutrients found in the mother's plasma pass through the placenta membrane to feed the child, except for some substances due to obstruction, destruction, metabolism, or some antibodies that do not pass through each other's membranes. Therefore, the child's ability to prevent diseases will also be poor, especially those that are already weak from the time they are in the womb. In addition, the deficiency of metal elements such as iron, copper, manganese, magnesium in the mother's diet also causes adverse effects on pregnancy. If the mother has a full and healthy nutrition and the pregnancy is still growing slowly, then attention must be paid to the obstruction of the transport of substances from the mother to the child and certainly the cake is not normal. Therefore, the mother needs to go to the doctor for treatment. Therefore, during pregnancy, the mother needs to have adequate, balanced nutrition and must have a full pregnancy examination to detect and treat the disease that affects the development of pregnancy. As a key area of Share99 Health System, Pediatrics always brings satisfaction to customers and is highly appreciated by industry experts with:

  • Gathering a team of leading doctors in Pediatrics:including leading experts, highly specialized (professors, associate professors, doctors, masters), experienced, used to work at large hospitals such as Bach Mai, 108.. The doctors are well-trained, professional, mind-centered, knowledgeable about the child's psychology. In addition to domestic pediatricians, pediatrics also has the participation of foreign experts (Japan, Singapore, Australia, USA) always pioneering the application of the latest and most effective treatment regimens.
  • Comprehensive services:In the field of Pediatrics, Share99 provides a chain of continuous medical examination and treatment services from Newborn to Pediatrics and Vaccines,… according to international standards to take care of your baby's health with parents from birth to adulthood
  • Intensive techniques:Share99 has successfully implemented many specialized techniques to make the treatment of difficult diseases in Pediatrics more effective: neurosurgery – skull, hematoma stem cell transplantation in cancer treatment.
  • Professional care:In addition to understanding the young psychology, Share99 also pay special attention to the children's play space, help them play comfortably and get acquainted with the hospital environment, cooperate in treatment, improve the efficiency of medical examination and treatment.

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SEE MORE:

  • When does an ultrasound calculate the correct gestational age?
  • Why are premature babies more susceptible to respiratory failure?
  • Surfactant pumps for newborn respiratory failure: Things to keep in mind

About: John Smith

b1ffdb54307529964874ff53a5c5de33?s=90&r=gI am the author of Share99.net. I had been working in Vinmec International General Hospital for over 10 years. I dedicate my passion on every post in this site.

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