Some information about parathyroid hormone (Parahormon-PTH)

Article by Dr. Ngo Van Trung – Laboratory Department, Share99 Nha Trang International Health Hub.

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The mythic gland hormone (PTH) is a life hormone of the body, which plays a role in the conditioning of concentrations of Ca2+ ions and phosphate ions (PO43-) in plasma. Under the effects of hormones, plasma calcium ion levels increase but on the contrary, phosphate ion levels decrease.

1. Features of anatomy

  • Location: located just behind the thyroid gland (2 glands at the top pole and 2 glands at the bottom pole)
  • Size: very small, only about 6x3x2 mm.
  • Quantity: 4 glands for 2 thyroid lobes

Because the thyroid gland is very small, the color of the thyroid gland is very similar to the color of the thyroid gland, so it is difficult to distinguish it from the naked eye, so it is easy to remove part or all of the thyroid gland in thyroid removal surgeries. However, only a small part of the remaining methyroid gland is required, this part will increase cell growth to ensure the function of the entire gland.

Structure: the subthyroid gland in adults consists of two types of cells: the main cell and the oxygen-loving cell. In which the main cell is the main constituent of the subthyroid gland, oxygen-loving cells are only found in adults that are not found in many animals.

Function: the main cell excretes parahormon, while the function of oxygen-loving cells to date is unknown.

PTH Anatomy

Parahormon (PTH) anatomy

2. Hormones of the parathyroid gland (Parahormon – PTH)

The subthyroid hormone (PTH) is a type of hormone secreted by 4 small glands located at 2 poles of each thyroid lobe, stored in excreted particles located in the soy cells of the subthyroid primary cell to wait for release into the bloodstream.

Effects of hormones: It is a life hormone of the body, which plays a role in the conditioning of concentrations of Ca2+ ions and phosphate ions (PO43-) in plasma. Under the effects of hormones, plasma calcium ion levels increase but on the contrary, phosphate ion levels decrease.

PTH perform this function with effects on the bones, kidneys and intestines.

The normal concentration of PTH in the blood is about less than 50 pg/ml. Hormones are excreted more or less depending on the concentration of calci ions and phosphate in the blood especially calci ions. By simply reducing calci ion levels, the gland will increase hormone secretion immediately, and prolonged calci reduction can cause the gland to expand and the concentration of calci ions in the blood increases, the activity and size of the gland will decrease.

3. When should parahormon (PTH) hormone tests be performed?

  • The test is in place to assess patients with abnormal blood calcium levels and to monitor for medical conditions that may have an impact on blood calcium levels (e.g., chronic renal failure).
  • Helps diagnose subthyroid dysfunction (functional enhancement and functional failure).

Does hemorrhagic fever test require fasting

Parahormon (PTH) hormone test

4. How to obtain a subthyroid hormone (PTH) test product and what the test results mean

How to sample a specimen:

  • Patients are required to fast 8-10 hours before blood tests. PTH concentration changes during the day (peak concentration occurs around 2am). Specimens are usually taken around 8 a.m.

Normal subthyroid hormone (PTH) values and some cases of pathology

  • Normal subthyroid hormone (PTH) values: 10 – 60 pg/ml or 10 – 60 ng/L.

Increased levels of the subthyroid hormone (PTH): Common main causes

  • Reduce calcium absorption;
  • Chronic renal failure;
  • Production of lost PTH;
  • Hypocalcemia;
  • Women are in breastfeeding;
  • Pregnant;
  • Advanced and sub-armor strength;
  • Increased discharge of calcium in renal hypercalciuria;
  • Rickets;
  • Squamous cell carcirtoma of the lungs;
  • Vitamin D deficiency.

Decreased levels of mythyroid hormones (PTH): Common main causes:

  • Auto-immune diseases;
  • Thyroid intoxication (Basedow's disease);
  • Increased blood calcium;
  • Impaired armor function;
  • Mllk-alkaSi syndrome;
  • Post-thyroid gland shearing;
  • Sarcoidosis;
  • Vitamins A and D poisoning.

Tests

Subthyroid hormone tests help doctors diagnose diseases accurately

5. Clinical significance of the subthyroid hormone testing index (PTH)

The test is useful for diagnosing functional enhancement and hypothyroidism, especially when simultaneously conducting tests that assess phospho-calcium conversion and renal function (blood creatinine).

With increased levels of PTH and serum calcium, patients are at risk for medical conditions such as:

  • Kidney stones due to increased calciumuria;
  • Osteoporosis due to calcium loss of bones;
  • Renal failure;
  • Hypertension.

To register for examination and treatment at Share99 International Health Hub, you can contact Share99 Health System nationwide, or register for an online examination HERE.

Source: Vietnam Internal Medicine

SEE MORE:

  • How to treat a thyroid tumor during pregnancy of 8 months?
  • What is the role of the subthyroid gland in the endopical system?
  • What makes up the end noisy system?

About: John Smith

b1ffdb54307529964874ff53a5c5de33?s=90&r=gI am the author of Share99.net. I had been working in Vinmec International General Hospital for over 10 years. I dedicate my passion on every post in this site.

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