Pregnant mother with Rh blood – is it dangerous?

When your mother and fetus carry different Rhesus (Rh) protein elements, the condition is called Rh blood type disagreement or incompatable Rh factor. This condition occurs when the maternity has a negative Rh and the fetus is Rh positive.

1. How does the Rh factor affect pregnancy?

The Rh factor is a specific protein found on the surface of red blood cells. Like the ABO blood type, the Rh blood type is inherited from the genetics of the parents. Most people have Rh(+), but a small percentage of people are Rh(-) because they don't have Rh protein.

The positive or negative symbol after the blood type shows your Rh factor. For example, the blood type in which AB+ is recorded in your medical record means that you have a positive AB and Rh(+) or Rh blood type.

The Rh factor does not directly affect your health, however, the Rh factor plays a very important role in pregnancy. If a woman has Rh(-) and the fetus is Rh(+), then the mother's body will view the fetal Rh(+) protein as a foreign object, so if the mother's immune system is exposed to the child's blood during pregnancy, labor and childbirth, the mother's immune system will produce antibodies against the red blood cells of the fetus. Antibodies are part of the body's immune system and they destroy foreign substances.

The antibodies produced are not a dangerous problem during the first pregnancy. The bigger concern is with the next pregnancy of the same woman herself. If the next fetus mag Rh(+) then these Rh antibodies can pass through the placenta and destroy the red blood cells of the fetus. This can lead to life-threatening anemia of the fetus, which is a condition in which red blood cells are destroyed faster than the fetal body's ability to produce pink, while red blood cells play an extremely important role in carrying oxygen throughout the body and nourishing the fetus.

Therefore, pregnant maternity Rh(-) is recommended to perform some other blood tests such as antibody screening tests in the first tri month of pregnancy, during the 28th week of pregnancy and at birth. Antibody screening tests are used to detect antibodies against Rh(+) blood. If the maternity has not started producing Rh antibodies, it is possible that the maternity will need to inject a blood product called immunoglobulin Rh. Immunoglobulins prevent the body from producing Rh antibodies during pregnancy. If the baby is born with Rh(-) blood type, no additional treatment is required, and the baby is born rh(+), the maternity will need another injection immediately after birth.

If rh(-) maternity and fetus may be Rh(+), your doctor may recommend rh immunoglobulin injections in situations where your mother's blood may come into contact with fetal blood, including:

  • abort
  • abort
  • Extra-intra-uterus pregnancy – when the egg is fertilized and nested outside the uterus, usually in the ovulation tube
  • Molar pregnancy, which is a (benign) non-cancerous tumor that develops in the uterus
  • Amniotic fluid lumbar puncture – a pre-production test in which fluid samples surround and protect the baby in the uterus (amniotic fluid) is removed for testing or treatment
  • Sampling for a prickly bios
  • Pre-birth genetics testing (cordocentesis), also known as cross-skin blood sampling in the umbilical cord area (PUBS). Blood is taken from the vein in the umbilical cord to conduct an examination of chroma abnormalities. The doctor usually does this test when the fetus is 18 weeks old. This test has a higher risk of miscarriage than an amniotic puncture test or a spike bioped. In general, this test is carried out only when the results of other tests are unclear.
  • Bleeding during pregnancy
  • Abdominal injuries during pregnancy
  • The doctor or householder rotates the fetal position manually before labor
  • During childbirth there is bleeding and there is contact between the blood of the mother and the child

If the antibody screening test shows that the med maternity has produced antibodies, then the injection of immunoglobulin Rh will not be effective. The fetus and maternity will be carefully and closely monitored. The person can receive blood transfusions through the umbilical cord when carried, if necessary, the fetus can receive a blood transfusion through the umbilical cord or immediately after birth.

me-pregnant-thai-co-mau-rh---co-hiem-1

Pre-birth genetic testing

2. What are the symptoms of Rh incompat compatibility?

Rh incompat compatibility symptoms in the fetus can be from mild to life-threatening. When med mother antibodies attack baby red blood cells with symptoms of hematoma, this means that baby red blood cells are being destroyed and lead to the accumulation of bilirubin in the blood.

Bilirubin is a chemical substance produced by the breakdown of red blood cells. Too much bilirubin is a sign that the liver is having problems processing old blood cells.

The baby may have one or more of the following symptoms if bilirubin levels are high after birth:

  • Jaundice and jaundice
  • apathetic
  • Low muscle force

These symptoms will gradually decrease after successful Rh incompatic treatment.

3. Who is at risk of Rh incompat compatibility?

Any woman with Rh who is negative and has a husband who is Rh positive or has an unsym defined Rh condition is at risk of rh incompat compatibility pregnancy. However, because there is a low percentage of people with Rh(-) blood type in the community, this disease does not occur frequently.

The body needs time to develop antibodies, so the first child is often affected. However, if the mother becomes sensitive because of a miscarriage or abortion, the first life of this mother may be affected by this mother who has produced antibodies and the appearance of Rh incompation.

Once the mother may come into contact with Rh positive blood during pre-birth tests or procedures, for example, amniotic puncture. In this test, the doctor uses a needle to remove some fluid from the amniotic sac to check for problems in the developing fetus.

4. How is incompative Rh disease diagnosed?

Pregnant mother with Rh blood - is it dangerous?

Blood test to determine the Rh condition of the maternity

A blood test to determine the Rh condition of the maternity may be performed during the first pregnancy visit.

If the maternity is Rh(-) during pregnancy, the husband can also be examined to determine the blood type. If the husband of the maternity is also Rh(-) then there is nothing to worry about. If the husband Rh(+) then the doctor will look for incompat compatibility signs Rh such as:

  • The Coomb technique is indirectly used to find a serum sample with antibodies against a particular type of urethrotyt, and the technique also determines potential antibodies that have not yet aconsed in the sample to be found (Figure 11). This test is performed by incubation of red blood cells with serum samples, rinsing to remove any non-connective antibodies and then adding a second antibody against the above antibody to form the cell link.
  • Higher-than-normal levels of bilirubin in infant blood are signs of Rh incompat compatibility. In a full-month baby less than 24 hours, bilirubin concentration should be less than 6.0 milligrams per decilite (dL).
  • Signs of destruction of red blood cells in the blood of babies may show rh incompat compatibility. This can be determined by the shape and structure of red blood cells when examined under a microscope.
  • In addition, the doctor can check the baby's blood for mage antibodies that are disrupting the child's red blood cells.

5. How is incompat compatibility treated?

Treatment focuses on preventing the effects of Rh incompat compatibility. In mild cases, the baby can be treated after birth as follows:

  • Blood Transfusion
  • Hydration fluid
  • Electrolynths
  • Photo therapy

Photo therapy is the most common treatment in reducing bilirubin levels (the cause of jaundice in babies). Jaundice lamps are a device with low cost, high performance and compactness but can give high-intensity lighting that improves the increase of bilirubin in the blood. Depending on the child's condition, this technique can be repeated until rh antibodies run out and excess bilirubin has been removed from the child's blood.

If the pregnancy and the doctor determine that you have developed antibodies against the baby, your pregnancy will be closely monitored.

You can prevent the effects of Rh incompatency by injecting Rh immunoglobulin (RhIg) during the first tri triennium, during miscarriage or when there is bleeding during pregnancy. This blood product contains antibodies to the Rh factor. If the fetus has a positive Rh blood type, the mother should give a second injection a few days after birth.

In very rare and severe cases, the technique of blood transfusion through the umbilical cord can be carried out while the fetus remains in the uterus or after birth. However, due to the success of RhIg injections, less than 1% of RH incompatitised women in the United States have to perform it.

6. Complications of Rh incompat compatibility

me-pregnant-thai-co-mau-rh---co-hiem-3

What are the complications of Rh incompat compatibility?

In severe cases where the effects of Rh incompat compatibility are not prevented, can lead to severe complications. These complications may include:

  • Fetal brain damage, known as jaundice (kernicterus)
  • Children with fluid accumulation
  • Children with mental health, movement, hearing and speech problems
  • Convulsions
  • anemia
  • Heart failure
  • death

If you have abnormal symptoms, you should be examined and consulted with a specialist.

For direct advice, please click hotline number or register online HERE. In addition, you can register for remote consultation HERE

Article reference source: Healthline.com

SEE MORE:

  • Blood type disagreements during pregnancy: What to know
  • Why should rh-factor testing be tested during pregnancy?
  • What does your mother's blood type cause?

About: John Smith

b1ffdb54307529964874ff53a5c5de33?s=90&r=gI am the author of Share99.net. I had been working in Vinmec International General Hospital for over 10 years. I dedicate my passion on every post in this site.

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