HPV vaccination schedule against cervical cancer as recommended by CDC (USA)

In developed countries, programs are in place that allow girls to be vaccinated against HPV and women to be tested regularly. Screening allows to identify pre-cancerous lesions at a stage when they can be easily treated. Early treatment prevents up to 80% of cervical cancer in these countries.

1. What does HPV mean?

Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common viral infection of the spawning sugar. Most sexually active women and men will become infected at some point in their lives and some may become infected multiple times.

The highest time to get an infection for both women and men is immediately after sexual activity. HPV is sexually transmitted, but intrusive sex is not necessary for transmission. Skin genital contact with the skin is a recognized method of transmission.

There are many types of HPV and many do not cause problems. HPV infection usually runs out without any intervention within a few months of infection and about 90% is apparent within 2 years. A small percentage of infections with certain types of HPV can survive and progress to cervical cancer.

Cervical cancer is the most common HPV-related disease. Nearly all cases of cervical cancer can be caused by HPV infection.

Infection with certain types of HPV also causes a rate of cancer of the anus,, vagina, penis and pharynx, which can be prevented using the same prowise prevention strategies as cervical cancer.

Non-carcinogenic viruses (especially those 6 and 11) can cause genital warts and respiratory papilloma (a disease in which tumors develop in the airway from the nose and mouth into the lungs). Although these conditions very rarely lead to death, they can cause a significant appearance of the disease. Genital warts are very common, have a high likelihood of infection and affect the sex life.

Virus HPV

Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common viral infection of the spawning sugar

2. How does the HPV vaccine work?

There are currently 3 vaccines that protect against both HPV 16 and 18, which are known to cause at least 70% of cervical cancers. The third vaccine protects against three additional types of cancer-causing HPV, causing an additional 20% of cervical cancer. Given that vaccines that only protect against HPV 16 and 18 viruses also have some cross-protection against other less common viruses that cause cervical cancer, who considers these three vaccines to protect against cervical cancer equally. Two of the vaccines also protect against HPV viruses of type 6 and 11, which cause anogenital warts.

Clinical trials and post-marketing surveillance have shown that hpv vaccines are safe and very effective in preventing infection with HPV infection.

The HPV vaccine works best if used before exposure to the virus. Therefore, who recommends vaccinating girls, between the ages of 9 and 14, when most have not yet begun sexual activity.

Vaccines cannot treat HPV infections or HPV-related diseases, such as cancer.

Some countries have begun vaccinating boys because vaccination prevents genital cancer in men as well as women, and two available vaccines also prevent genital warts in men and women. Who recommends vaccinating girls between the ages of 9 and 14, as it is the most cost-effective public health measure against cervical cancer.

HPV vaccination does not replace cervical cancer screening. In the countries where HPV vaccines are introduced, screening programs may still need to be developed or strengthened.

HPV vaccination does not protect against other infections that spread during sex, such as chlamydia, and it will not prevent girls from pregnancy, so safe sexual practice is still very important.

3. HPV vaccination schedule against cervical cancer

HPV Vaccine

HPV vaccination is recommended for all children between the ages of 11 and 12

About 80% of people will be infected with HPV virus in their lifetime. HPV vaccination is recommended for all children between the ages of 11 and 12 who can protect them long before they are exposed. CDC recommends two doses of HPV vaccine for all adolescents at age 11 or 12.

For children aged 9-14 years old, 2 doses of HPV vaccine will be given:

  • A 2-dose schedule is recommended for those taking the first dose before their 15th birthday . In a series of 2 doses, it is recommended to take the second dose from 6–12 months after the first dose.
  • The minimum distance is 5 months between the first and the second dose. If the second dose is given after a shorter period of time, a third dose should be given at least 5 months after the first dose and at least 12 weeks after the second.
  • If the vaccination schedule is interrupted, there is no need to repeat the dose of the vaccine (there is no maximum distance).
  • Immuno-studies have showed that 2 doses of HPV vaccine given to children aged 9-14 years at least 6 months apart will better protect the child than 3 doses when the child is an adult.

Those who are vaccinated first at the age of 15 years or older will need to receive 3 injections.

  • A 3-dose schedule is recommended for those who take the first dose on or after their 15th birthday , and for those with certain immuno-deterioration conditions.
  • In a series of 3 doses, it is recommended to inject the second dose 1–2 after the first and the third should be injected 6 months after the first dose.
  • The minimum distance is 4 weeks between the first and the second, 12 weeks between the second and the third and 5 months between the first and the third. If a dose of the vaccine is given after a shorter period of time, then it is recommended to re-inject after another minimum period of time has passed since the most recent dose.
  • If the vaccination schedule is interrupted, there is no need to repeat the dose of the vaccine (there is no maximum distance).

Men who have sex with men (MSM), and transgender men and women who are eligible for vaccination, will need 3 doses of the vaccine (2 if they are under 15 years old).

4. How long does the HPV vaccine protect?

inject

Studies have in which the vaccine protects against HPV infection for at least 10 years

Studies have in which the vaccine protects against HPV infection for at least 10 years, although experts expect the protection to last much longer.

But since the HPV vaccine does not protect against all viruses that can cause cervical cancer, it is important that all girls who are vaccinated with HPV also have regular cervical examination at the age of 25.

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Article reference source: who.int, nhs.uk, .cdc.gov

SEE MORE:

  • Symptoms of stage 3 cervical cancer and current treatment
  • Essential screening tests every woman should know
  • Cervical Cancer Screening

About: John Smith

b1ffdb54307529964874ff53a5c5de33?s=90&r=gI am the author of Share99.net. I had been working in Vinmec International General Hospital for over 10 years. I dedicate my passion on every post in this site.

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