Tb bacteria characteristics

The article was consulted professionally by Master, Dr. Nguyen Tung Hoan – Department of Resuscitation – Emergency – Share99 Nha Trang International Hospital.

Tuberculosis is an infectious disease that causes high mortality rates in the world including Vietnam. Pulmonary TB bacteria were discovered in 1982 by Robert Koch and until now scientists have discovered the characteristics of TB bacteria with important notes.

Tuberculosis-causing bacteria belong to the Mycobacteriaceae family, 3-5 μm long, hairless, rounded heads, seeded and standing separately or in bunches on the Ziehl-Neelsen staining copy. TB bacteria are not alcoholic and acid loses the red color of fuchsin.

Some characteristics of TB bacteria include:

• Alcohol and acid resistance
• Total affinity
• Slow development, 20-24 hours to spawn once
• There are various populations of transformation in lesions
• Changes in the likelihood of causing tuberculosis under the influence of the environment
• Resistant to drugs for pulmonary tuberculosis, tuberculosis, pericardial tuberculosis …

The viability of TB bacteria under different conditions is as follows:

• Under natural conditions, TB bacteria can last for 3-4 months, while in the laboratory it is possible to preserve bacteria for many years.
• Sputum of patients with tuberculosis in a dark, humid room can last 3 months while retaining vi visity.
• In the sun, TB bacteria are killed after 1.5 hours
• TB bacteria stop growing at 42°C and die after 10 minutes at 100°C
• 90°C alcohol can kill TB bacteria in 3 minutes
• In phenic acid 5% of bacteria live only about 1 minute

• Group A: Consists of bacteria localized in the tuberculosis cave wall with enough oxygen, alkaline pH, favorable for bacterial growth. This is a thriving group of bacteria, in large numbers, outside the cell. This group is susceptible to the destruction of tuberculosis treatment drugs.
• Group B: Consisting of bacteria localized in the tuberculosis cave wall but deeper than group A, alkaline pH with low oxygen pressure should grow more slowly. This group has only rifampicin and isoniazid as anti-tuberculosis drugs that have an effect.
• Group C: Consisting of bacteria that have been bactericidal and located in the great stem, the bacteria grow very slowly because of the total pH. Only pyrazinamids work well, then rifampicin, and isoniazid has little effect, streptomycin does not work at all.
• Group D: Consisting of pathogenic bacteria located in the great carte, completely non-converted or developed should be called the group of "sleeping" TB bacteria, anti-tuberculosis drugs do not work. The number of bacteria of this group is quite small and can be destroyed by the body's immune system.

The pathogenic process of TB bacteria also depends on the vibe of the bacteria and the body's resistance. Tuberculosis usually goes through 2 stages:

• Early tb infection: TB bacteria entering the body for the first time often cause damage to the very well-informed perimeable perimeable area of the lungs. After 2-4 weeks when the body becomes hypersensitive, granle damage appears and typical tuberculosis seeds are formed. TB bacteria will now reach the next lymph nodes and enter the bloodstream throughout the body.
• Recurrent tuberculosis: The majority of tuberculosis suffered in humans is caused by the return of recurrent disease outbreaks of the commonly infective tuberculosis in the lower part or near the top of the lungs due to the high oxygen concentration favorable for development. When the disease is detected, the pulp lesions have been laxed and the tuberculosis burrow formed to create favorable conditions for TB bacteria to disperse quickly.

The path of transmission of tuberculosis can be through the respiratory tract, sputum. In addition to the lungs, tuberculosis can progress throughout organs such as urinary tract, osteoarthritis, pleural tuberculosis, pericardosis or tuberculosis.

Share99 International Health Hub currently provides BCG vaccination services for tuberculosis prevention of Vaccines and Medical Bio-products, manufactured in Vietnam.

The advantages of vaccination at Share99 International Health Hub include:

• Vaccines are imported and stored in modern cold storage systems, with COLD chains meeting GSP standards, keeping the vaccine in the best condition to ensure quality.
• Clients will be examined by specialists, fully screened for health and physical issues, advice on vaccines and vaccination regimens, how to monitor and care after vaccination before prescribing vaccinations according to the latest recommendations of the Ministry of Health / World Health Organization to ensure the best and safest effect for children.
• Being monitored before, during and after vaccination at Share99 Health System and always have emergency ekip ready to coordinate with the vaccination department to handle cases of anaphylalactic shock, respiratory failure – stop cyclic, ensure timely treatment, the right regimen when incidents occur.
• The vaccination room is airy, has a play area, helps customers feel comfortable like walking around and have a good mentality before and after vaccination.
• A team of experienced, professional pediatric doctors and nurses, understand the child's psychology and apply effective pain relief to the child during vaccination.
• 100% of vaccination customers are monitored 30 minutes after vaccination and re-evaluated before leaving.
• For child customers, parents will receive a reminder message before the date of vaccination and the child's vaccination information will be synchronized with the national immunization information system.