Tests to be done to diagnose early newborn infections

Newborn infection is a dangerous pathology with the second highest mortality rate after respiratory distress syndrome. Therefore, early diagnosis based on the results of tests for diagnosis of newborn infection is essential for timely intervention.

1. Newborn infections

Newborn infections are infections that occur from birth to 28 days of age. Newborn infections have pre-birth, in birth and post-birth causes. Newborn infections have the second highest mortality rate after respiratory distress syndrome in newborns.

Newborn infections can be transmitted from mother to child, and are at high risk for premature babies.

The clinical manifestations of newborn infection are often unclear. Typical symptoms of newborn infection such as:

  • Sudden high fever, or decreased body temperature, may sometimes be accompanied by seizures
  • Manifestations of arrhythmias, often shallow rapid breathing, moaning
  • Tachycardia, puffiness, hypotension
  • Children crying, unable to feed, breastfeeding, vomiting accompanied by symptoms of diarrhea
  • Cyanosis, pale face, may be accompanied by a skin rash or hemorrhagic nodules
  • Other manifestations such as bacterial inflammation in the umbilical region, skin or other outbreaks of infection

Early diagnosis of newborn infections

Newborn infections are infections that occur from birth to 28 days of age

2. Diagnostic tests for newborn infections

Some tests to diagnose newborn infections such as blood formula, blood cultures, gastric juice implants, urine transplants,…

2.1 Blood formula tests

The complete blood formula reflects the condition of the bone marrow response to infections in the body. The first reaction to all types of infection is an increase in the number of leukocytics. The leukocycye index rises above 25,000/mm3 or falls below 5000/mm3. Leukocycaemia usually occurs in the early stages of the disease. If the neut leukocytosis index decreases, it usually suggests a serious bacterial infection. The number of tinglets usually decreases below 100,000 /mm3.

CRP is an early increase in active substance in quantity and is the leading sensitive active substance in the chain of proteins involved in the reaction at an early stage of acute inflammation. Usually after stimulating the inflammatory process about 3-6 hours, the CRP will begin to increase and peak between 36-48 hours after inflammation. CRP is a component that does not move through the placenta. CRP (+) when increased above 10mg/liter and does not increase in chronic diseases.

CRP allows:

  • Exclusion of newborn infections.
  • Or, it is allowed to stop using antibiotics early on for the child.
  • Or, monitor the response of antibiotics to cases of newborn infections with increased CRP.
  • Note, the single CRP has no diagnostic value that determines the infection status.

2.2 Laboratory implants

Culture is called the key diagnostic method in the diagnosis of infectious diseases in general and in infant infections in particular.

Transplantation or blood cultures to determine the presence of bacteria in these cases of pathology. The minimum volume of implantation requires 1ml of water or blood.

If the implant tested positive on two different samples, it has a bacterial orientation value.

  • Blood cultures: Blood cultures (+) are the gold standard in the diagnosis of newborn infections, especially sepsis.
  • Urine culture: To determine urinary tract infections.
  • Purulent implantation: In the skin or in the navel. The product can be obtained in all locations with pus, isolated to determine the exact cause of the disease. Pus can be a thick liquid or mucous form of red or yellow, blue, foul-smelling color. Be aware of purulent implantation before receiving treatment to get the most accurate results.
  • Stool implantation: Taking the product as a stool for transplantation can help diagnose inflammatory conditions in the gastrointestinal tract such as diarrhea, gastrointestinal disorders, purulent stools or blood mucus … Stool implantation should be taken at an early stage, as soon as possible, and taken before giving the patient antibiotic treatment.
  • Gastric juice implantation: Determination of digestive infections in general, stomach in particular. Especially note in cases of HP bacterial infections.

2.3 Vaginal translation tests

Take the mother's vaginal translation for testing because the child may be infected by the mother during childbirth. Vaginal translation testing will help to isolate viruses or bacteria or determine the cause of the fungus that causes the disease so that there is better treatment.

Early diagnosis of newborn infections

Blood formula test is one of the tests that diagnose early newborn infection

2.4 Lumbar puncture

Lumbar puncture is aimed at assessing whether the patient has any membrane inflammation.

Lumbar fluid test:

  • If there is an increased lymphocyte index the diagnosis to viral infections.
  • If there is an increased neutral white head index: Diagnosis of bacterial infections.

Other diagnostic support tests

  • X-ray of the lungs.
  • Do a blood clot test.
  • Test for renal liver function.
  • Electrolys.

Diagnosis of newborn infection

For the diagnosis of newborn infections it is necessary to rely on clinical manifestations with subclinical test results and risk factors. If the clinical manifestation is clear, it can be confirmed that the child has a newborn infection whether the sub-clinical test result is negative or positive.

  • If in the event that the patient has a clinical manifestation suspected of infection
  • Positive test result: The doctor will treat the infection
  • If the test result is negative, further monitoring and re-testing may be done for diagnosis

If the patient has a clinical manifestation that is not directed at all, whether the subclinical test is negative or positive, further monitoring is recommended before the treatment is carried out.

Diagnosis of severeness when a newborn infection is accompanied by some of the following manifestations:

  • Respiratory failure
  • Bilits
  • Impaired function from 2 different bodies in the body or more

In summary, newborn infection is one of the diseases with a high risk of death that ranks second to respiratory distress syndrome, therefore it is necessary to diagnose early manifestations of newborn infections and do tests for timely and effective treatment. Mothers should regularly monitor their child's condition and abnormalities in order for the baby to see a doctor for timely examination.

As a key area of Share99 Health System, Pediatrics always brings satisfaction to customers and is highly appreciated by industry experts with:

  • Gathering a team of leading doctors in Pediatrics:including leading experts, highly specialized (professors, associate professors, doctors, masters), experienced, used to work at large hospitals such as Bach Mai, 108.. The doctors are well-trained, professional, mind-centered, knowledgeable about the child's psychology. In addition to domestic pediatricians, pediatrics also has the participation of foreign experts (Japan, Singapore, Australia, USA) always pioneering the application of the latest and most effective treatment regimens.
  • Comprehensive services:In the field of Pediatrics, Share99 provides a chain of continuous medical examination and treatment services from Newborn to Pediatrics and Vaccines,… according to international standards to take care of your baby's health with parents from birth to adulthood
  • Intensive techniques:Share99 has successfully implemented many specialized techniques to make the treatment of difficult diseases in Pediatrics more effective: neurosurgery – skull, hematoma stem cell transplantation in cancer treatment.
  • Professional care:In addition to understanding the young psychology, Share99 also pay special attention to the children's play space, help them play comfortably and get acquainted with the hospital environment, cooperate in treatment, improve the efficiency of medical examination and treatment.

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SEE MORE:

  • Treatment of blood infections in babies
  • What is a CRP test and what role does it play?
  • Procalcitonin dosing early assessment of bacterial infections and sepsis

About: John Smith

b1ffdb54307529964874ff53a5c5de33?s=90&r=gI am the author of Share99.net. I had been working in Vinmec International General Hospital for over 10 years. I dedicate my passion on every post in this site.

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