The article was consulted professionally by Master, Dr. Le Thi Minh Huong – Emergency Resuscitation Doctor – Resuscitation – Emergency Department – Share99 Nha Trang International Hospital. The doctor has more than 06 years of experience in medical examination and treatment, emergency and emergency resuscitation.
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Intravenous injection is one of the most important and widely used injection techniques today. However, this technique also carries many risks to patients.
1. What is intravenous injection?
Intravenous injection (IV) is a technique that uses a needle pump to inject an amount of drugs into the body intravenously to bring about a rapid effect of body treatment.
2. Intravenous region
Usually intravenously is given in the following areas:
- In the M vein system, two large veins on the front of the elbow pinch into a V. This is a large vein so it is easy to find and easy to inject.
- Veins shown in
- Forearm veins, back of hands, back of the feet
- Can be injected into the veins of the neck, veins under the blow, femoral veins in the inguinal when necessary
- Injection into the veins of the head, wrists, inerated ankles, the back of the hand for children.
3. Intravenous intravenous intrainents and contrained
Intravenous injection is in dinhed for the following drugs:
- The drug has a fast effect when entering the body, such as anesthesies, vascular drugs …
- Drugs that cause pain, necrosis of tissues such as uabain …
- Drugs that are given only intravenously, not intramuscularly or subcutaneously
- It is necessary to bring into the body of the patient a fairly large volume of drugs
- Serum Therapy
- Blood, plasma and colloidal solution such as subtosan, dextan …
- Drugs with full-body effects
- Patients in need of emergency
- Depleted patients
Intravenous injection is contrained in the following cases:
- Oil-soluble drugs
- Rapid injection drugs
- Drugs that cause cardiovascular irritation such as adrenalin except in the emergency cardiac arrest apnea.
- Locations of infection, burns, absolutely not intravenously.
4. Intravenous techniques
- Hand-in-hand injection area on pillow
- 3-5cm from the injection site to tie the garo cord: it is not recommended to fasten it
- In order for the vein to clearly emerge, the patient needs to hold his hand back and stretch it several times
- Use iodine alcohol to disinfect the injection place from the inside out and then use 70 degree alcohol to disinfect
- Nurses need hand sanitizer with 70-degree alcohol
- Fix the veins so as not to deviate, and to pierce the needle into the vein easily by using your left hand to strain the face with your thumb.
- The other hand holds a smoking syringe with a needle attached, sticks its nose upwards and pushes all the foam out
- Hold the needle with your index finger, thumb to get on top of the syringe body, the needle is 15-30 degrees above the skin
- Blood will flow into the syringe or slightly rotate the injector intestine counterclockwise, which will see blood flow into the syringe when it hits the vein
- Gently remove the garo cord and the patient needs to open his hand, hold on to the needle while keeping it fixed when pumping the drug in
- Clamp the injectable pump with the right hand of the index and middle fingers, place the thumb in the injectable intestine and slowly inject the drug into the vein
- Drain the needle with caution when pumping almost all the drugs. Avoid vascular embolalysis that endangers the life of the patient, it is necessary to absolutely not get the gas into the blood vessels
- Use alcohol-laced cotton to disinfect the injection site
- Put the patient in a comfortable position.
5. Reactions that may be encountered when intravenously
Some reactions may be encountered during intravenous injection, including:
- Bulging injection site: the beveled nose of the needle is located halfway through the outer half of the vein causing the injection site to swell. It is possible that the needle has pierced the vein or the vein has ruptured. Needles should be re-injected, hot compresses of the bulge so that the hematoma dissolves and the drug dissolves quickly
- Needle obstruction: blood flows into the syringe when it hits the vein, however the blood is coaking at the tip of the needle causing the needle to block, must immediately pull out the needle and replace the other needle if the drug cannot be pumped in
- Shock or fainting: because the patient is afraid of injections or has an allergic reaction to the drug, because the drug is pumped too quickly or the needle pierces several times without hitting the vein. In this case, it is necessary to immediately stop the injection and notify the doctor immediately
- Embolization: gas enters the vessel's vessel city during injection causing an embolization. Do not let air get into the syringe before injecting the person and avoid using the wrong medication to prevent embolization
- Mistakenly crashed into the artery: if the patient complains of hot pain in the foot while pumping the drug, it should be stopped because it may have mistakenly pierced the artery
- Necrosis: drugs that are contrained for subcutaneous injections that are injected out of a vein. For handling, hot compresses, thin bandages are required if there is necrosis
- Bacterial infections: patients may be infected locally or physically due to the principle that epticity is not guaranteed. Perform good ious work to prevent bacterial infections.
- Infectious diseases: because needle pumps are not aseptic as well…
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