Common types of immuno-tests

The article was consulted professionally by Master, Dr. Bui Thi Hong Khang – Surgeon – Laboratory Department – Share99 Central Park International Health Hub.

Immuno-testing is one of the routine steps that need to be taken during the examination. Performing an immuno-test will help to better assess the health situation of each person, thereby having the appropriate treatment direction.

Certain substances or pathogens in the body can be detected with the help of immuno-tests. When the body is infected with pathogens or what the body is considered a foreign object (called antigen), the body's immune system will self-create corresponding antibodies to fight those antigens.

Immuno-tests are tests that rely on the body's immune status to find ants such as bacterial infections (bacteria, viruses), hormones, hemoglobin pigmentation in the blood,… thereby helping to diagnose various diseases based on the results of the reaction between antigen and synthetic antibodies.

Currently, there are different types of immuno-tests with different purposes and results of diagnosis of diseases such as pregnancy test, digestive cancer screening, allergy diagnosis, urine test,…

Currently the common types of immuno-tests being used are:

2.1. Screening for digestive cancer

Gastrointestinal cancer screening is a method to help detect diseases early, thereby offering timely treatments and giving patients a higher chance of healing and prolonging life.

Immuno-tests help to look for hemoglobin pigments found in the blood, signaling there is blood in the stool. Blood present in the stool can be caused by many causes such as hemorrhoids, polyps even bowel cancer. Some subjects that should be screening for gastrointestinal cancer early include:

• People who regularly drink alcohol, smoke, eat hot spicy food, eat unhealthy …
• People with a family history of diseases such as esophagus cancer, colon cancer, stomach cancer …
• People with polyps, ulcerative colitis, peptic ulcer, HP bacteria,…

2.2. Allergy Tests

Allergy is an "outrageous" reaction of the immune system to environmental factors, manifested in symptoms such as tearing, runny nose, sneezing,…

People rely on paths that can cause allergies such as respiratory (pollen, smog…), gastrointestinal (seafood, soybeans, peanuts,…), through contact (rash, itching,…) to find allergy tests such as blood tests, food and skin tests,…

2.3. Pregnancy test

Pregnancy test sticks are a useful tool to determine exactly if you are pregnant or not. Pregnancy test sticks help detect hcg pregnancy hormones found in urine. If the stick currently has 2 lines, you are pregnant, on the contrary, the stick shows only 1 line, which means that you are not pregnant yet. The mechanism is that the antibodies in the test stick have a cohesive reaction to the antigen HCG calves (found in the urine of pregnant women) when it comes to the first line will change color for the 1st time, the remaining antibodies cannot be attached to hcg calves when they reach the 2nd line will change color a second time. So when pregnant, there will be 2 lines. In the case of pregnancy, i.e. without HCG calves in the urine, there will be no cohesive reaction between HCG calf antigen in the urine and antibodies in the test stick, which will only change color once, so the rod appears only 1 line.

2.4. Identifying the agent of infection:

Immuno-testing is also used to detect viral effects such as HPV, HIV, hepatitis C, Streptococcus (which causes tonsillitis). Finding out exactly what kind of germ causes the disease will play an important role in the treatment of achieving berries.

Also in some cases, pregnant women are also prescribed immuno-tests to determine if there is an infection with the Parasite Toxoplasma Gondii.

2.5. Diagnostic tests for myocardial infarction and thrombosis

If there is a myocardial infarction or thromboembosis, certain specific proteins in the body will increase and immuno-tests are carried out to detect those proteins.

2.6. Urine tests

The presence of sugar, protein, blood or inflammatory cells in the urine can be a sign of diabetes, urinary tract infections or damage to the kidneys. The above signs can be identified through the performance of an immunosupmed test.

2.7. Quick try of stimulant drugs

Immuno-tests can help determine whether a person is using stimulants such as doping, marijuana, morphine, cocaine, ecstasy, synthetic drugs that affect the central nervous system.

In addition to the above-mentioned types of immuno-tests, immuno-tests are also used to assess other problems such as detection of toxins, food hygiene and safety tests … will be recommended in different cases.

Immuno-testing is one of the methods that help diagnose routine diseases in medical facilities. However, before performing an immunosy test, it should be noted a number of things:

• Absolutely follow the instructions to prepare for the immuno-test of the doctor or technician (for example, fasting for several hours before the test or fasting overnight, increasing the amount of drinking water in the 10-12 hours before the test time,… so as not to affect the test results).
• When performing immunosmmunity tests, it is advisable to honestly answer all your doctor's questions such as your medical history, habits, amount of tobacco or smoking, alcohol or drinking, and the prohibited substances you use.
• Notify your doctor of any medications (including prescription, over-the-counter, functional foods, herbal medicines) that you are using. And it is best to inform both about the time you use the drug (anti-blood clots, anti-,…) to ensure not to distort the results of your diagnosis of the disease.

To register for examination and treatment at Share99 International Health Hub, you can contact Share99 Health System nationwide, or register for an online examination HERE.

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